What happens to blood pressure during a sympathetic response?

During a sympathetic response, also known as the "fight or flight" response, blood pressure increases as a direct result of the body's activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This response is designed to prepare the body for quick action in response to a perceived threat.

When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, several physiological changes occur. For instance, the heart rate increases, and the force of heart contractions intensifies, both of which contribute to an elevation in cardiac output. Additionally, the blood vessels constrict, particularly in non-essential areas, directing more blood flow to vital organs and muscles that are needed for immediate physical activity.

These combined effects result in an overall increase in peripheral vascular resistance and elevate systemic blood pressure. Thus, the correct answer reflects the body's adaptive mechanisms during stress, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure regulation in response to sympathetic stimulation.